Steroid Use for Multiple Sclerosis: Evaluating Benefits and Risks
In the management of Multiple Sclerosis (MS), corticosteroids are a common prescription for severe flare-ups, also known as relapses or exacerbations. These medications, which include oral and injectable forms, are used to reduce inflammation in the central nervous system and aid in the recovery from flare symptoms [1][3].
## Recognising the Need for Steroids in MS Flares
Steroids are typically prescribed when symptoms are moderate to severe and significantly impact daily functioning. Common symptoms that may warrant a steroid prescription include:
- Severe or disabling weakness, such as significant difficulty moving limbs, standing, or walking. - Vision loss or double vision, particularly optic neuritis affecting one or both eyes. - Severe sensory disturbances, including intense tingling, numbness, or pain that disrupts daily activities. - Loss of coordination or balance, making mobility or daily tasks difficult. - Speech or swallowing difficulties, significant enough to interfere with communication or nutrition. - Bladder or bowel dysfunction, disruptive symptoms that cannot be managed otherwise [1][3].
## Potential Side Effects of Steroids for MS Flares
Corticosteroids can cause a range of side effects, especially with repeated or prolonged use. Common side effects include short-term effects such as:
- Insomnia or sleep disturbances - Increased appetite and weight gain - Mood swings, anxiety, or irritability - Elevated blood sugar levels - Fluid retention and facial puffiness (“moon face”) - High blood pressure - Gastric irritation, heartburn, or nausea [2][3]
Longer-term or more severe effects may include:
- Weakened immune system and increased risk of infections - Muscle weakness - Thinning of the skin and easy bruising - Slowed healing of wounds - Osteoporosis or bone thinning - Increased risk of peptic ulcers, especially in those with a history of gastrointestinal issues - Adrenal suppression (reduced natural steroid production by the body) - Peripheral neuropathy (painful burning or tingling in hands or feet) with prolonged use [2][3]
Because of these risks, corticosteroids are usually prescribed for short durations, specifically to manage acute relapses, and not routinely for mild symptoms or as a long-term treatment [1][3]. It is crucial for individuals taking steroids to adhere to their healthcare provider's instructions for how long to take them and the dosage they should take.
It is also essential to be aware of potential side effects and to call their healthcare provider immediately if they experience severe symptoms. People with an active infection should not take steroids, as infections can make MS symptoms worse, and steroids can also make infections worse [1][3].
In summary, corticosteroids play a vital role in managing MS flares by reducing inflammation and aiding recovery. However, their use comes with potential risks and side effects, making it crucial for individuals to follow their healthcare provider's instructions and to be aware of potential complications.
1.Multiple Sclerosis (MS) patients may require medical-health conditions like corticosteroids during severe flares, as they help reduce inflammation in the central nervous system and promote recovery from flare symptoms.2. If symptoms are moderately to severely impacting daily functioning, a prescription for steroids may be appropriate in cases of multiple sclerosis, such as severe weakness, vision loss, sensory disturbances, or bladder/bowel dysfunction.3. In managing multiple sclerosis, it's important to consider the therapies-and-treatments' potential side effects, as prolonged or repeated use can cause various problems like insomnia, increased appetite, weakened immune system, and peripheral neuropathy.4. Although multiple-sclerosis-related neurological-disorders can be mitigated with steroids, it's vital to remember that their use should be guided by medical professionals and followed strictly to minimize related health-and-wellness risks like infections, bone thinning, and adrenal suppression.
