Social Anxiety Disorder Exploration: Origin, Indications, and Identification

Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, is a type of anxiety disorder that causes anxiety or fear in social settings. Approximately 15 million American adults have social anxiety disorder, according to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America (ADAA).

Symptoms of social anxiety disorder may include blushing, nausea, sweating, trembling or shaking, a rigid body stance, difficulty speaking, feeling as if one's mind goes blank, dizziness or lightheadedness, rapid heart rate, intense worry before, during, and after a social situation, avoiding social situations or trying to blend into the background if one must attend, self-consciousness and fear of doing something embarrassing, concerns that others will notice one is stressed or nervous, feeling a need to consume alcohol to help face a social situation, and missing school or work because of anxiety.

Without treatment, social anxiety disorder can affect achievement at work and in studies, social interaction, relationships, self-esteem, quality of life, and may lead to other conditions such as depression, alcohol misuse, and thoughts of suicide. Treatment options for social anxiety disorder include cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), which helps one learn new ways to manage anxiety, and medication.

Medications such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) like paroxetine and Sertraline, selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) like venlafaxine, and propanolol can treat social anxiety disorder. Propanolol is a short-acting drug that can be used when needed, while SSRIs and SNRIs may take time to have an effect.

Group therapy or a support group helps individuals learn social skills and techniques to interact with people in social settings, and provides a space to see that one is not alone. Exposure therapy is a therapy where a healthcare professional helps you gradually face social situations rather than avoid them.

Home and natural remedies such as breathing exercises, mindfulness and meditation, exercises like yoga and tai chi, avoiding caffeine and other stimulants, establishing a regular sleep routine, learning about anxiety and its effects, finding a trusted person to talk with, knowing the signs and when to seek help, getting regular exercise and eating a balanced diet can support the treatment recommended by your doctor.

It's important to note that social anxiety is different from shyness. It is persistent and overwhelming and may affect everyday activities, such as shopping for groceries. Social anxiety disorder may be caused by a combination of physical, biological, and genetic factors, as well as negative experiences such as emotional, physical, or other kinds of abuse, negative interactions with peers, overcontrolling parenting styles, and having an insecure attachment style.

Resources are available for those experiencing thoughts of suicide, including the 988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline, Crisis Text Line, Befrienders Worldwide, and local emergency services.

Healthcare professionals can explain the benefits and risks of medication and help you decide which treatment is right for you. Over one-third of people with social anxiety don't seek help until they have had symptoms for at least 10 years. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is a therapy that teaches people to use mindfulness, acceptance, and behavioral strategies to live a value-based life despite negative feelings.

Grounding techniques can distract your mind from intrusive thoughts and relieve stress. Examples include touching household items, counting down or doing math in your head, listening to music, describing your surroundings in detail, listing some people, objects, or activities in your life that bring you joy, being kind to yourself, and repeating phrases that encourage you.

In conclusion, social anxiety disorder is a common and treatable condition. If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of social anxiety, it's important to seek help and explore treatment options. With the right support and treatment, it's possible to manage social anxiety and improve quality of life.