Spread of Oak Processionary Caterpillar's Venomous Hairs Causes Concern
Oak Processionary Moth Larvae are multiplying
Side Note: Did you know some insects are known to hitch rides with other creatures similar to how folks use taxis? Check out the curious case of nematodes and flies!
The Oak Processionary Caterpillar, with its venomous hairs, is causing a stir in more regions across Germany due to climate change and uncontrolled proliferation. One of the latest states to see an infestation is Saxony, joining Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria, Rhineland-Palatinate, North Rhine-Westphalia, Hesse, Lower Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, Berlin, Brandenburg, and Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.
While the physical damage these caterpillars inflict on oaks in both forests and settlements may seem problematic, the real concern lies in their venomous hairs. These tiny, stinging hairs can cause severe irritations to human skin, eyes, and even trigger asthma attacks when embedded.
Curious Tactics to Control the Infestation
These caterpillars are drawn to isolated oaks and prefer to lay their eggs there. They hatch in the springtime and feed at night, forming colonies that sometimes grow large enough to resemble a football. As their movement patterns correspond to a procession, they earned their name.
In recent years, efforts have been made to combat the infestation, with some regions achieving success. For example, the district of Lüneburg in Lower Saxony has utilized tiny threadworms called nematodes for three years. These natural predators of the Oak Processionary Caterpillar are sprayed onto tree crowns after sunset and have proven effective at reducing caterpillar populations by up to 90%.
An interesting trivia: Nematodes, as a result of their light-sensitivity, are transported via flying taxi service—in this case, flies!
Sources: ntv.de, kst/dpa
- Insects
- Climate change
- Pests
- Butterflies
Deep Dive: Exploring Controlled ApproachesThe tachinid fly (Carcelia iliaca), a natural predator of the Oak Processionary Moth (OPM), is being considered as a potential control method. Trials have been conducted in Windsor Great Park using this fly to reduce OPM populations[2]. Another approach being investigated is the use of pheromone dispensers. These compact devices mimic the scent released by female OPMs, potentially discouraging male moths from reproducing and leading to a decrease in the overall population[2].
On the Hunt for Effective Solutions:While these biological control methods are promising, more research and trials are necessary to determine their long-term effectiveness. Traditional methods such as insecticide spraying and manual nest removal remain widely used to combat the spread of the Oak Processionary Caterpillar.
- In light of the growing concern over the Oak Processionary Caterpillar, the European Commission has also adopted a proposal for a directive on the protection of animals and the environment, which includes provisions for managing pests like the OPC.
- The scientific community is actively engaged in finding solutions to control the infestation, with research focusing on environmental-science, such as the use of predatory nematodes and tachinid flies in controlling the Oak Processionary Moth population.
- As the effects of climate change continue to impact various regions, mental-health professionals are becoming increasingly concerned about the psychological toll it takes on individuals facing challenges like the infestation of venomous insects like the Oak Processionary Caterpillar, and the development of health-and-wellness programs that address environment-related anxiety is a growing area of study.
