Managing Bipolar Disorder: 5 Strategies for a Prosperous Life
Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition that affects approximately 7 million adults in the United States. This disorder is characterised by episodes of depression and mania, and there are three types: Bipolar I, Bipolar II, and Cyclothymic disorder (cyclothymia).
Bipolar I disorder involves at least 7 days of mania symptoms and episodes of depression that last at least 2 weeks. On the other hand, Bipolar II disorder involves hypomania and episodes of depression. Cyclothymic disorder involves episodes of depression and hypomania, but symptoms usually last for at least 2 years in adults and 1 year in children or teenagers.
During a manic phase, symptoms may include being very talkative, experiencing racing thoughts, having an increased sex drive, having little to no appetite, having decreased inhibitions, feeling jumpy or wired, being easily distracted, having a decreased need for sleep, feeling easily annoyed or agitated, having a rush of new ideas or plans, feeling euphoric and extremely self-confident, and experiencing psychosis symptoms like delusions, hallucinations, incoherent thoughts, difficulty concentrating, increased paranoia or suspicion.
During a depressive phase, symptoms may include feeling sad, lethargic, and fatigued, having morbid thoughts, chronic low energy, fluctuations in appetite or weight, feelings of hopelessness, guilt, or emptiness, trouble concentrating or making decisions, stretches of too much or not enough sleep, little to no interest in activities once enjoyed, and difficulty keeping up with daily routines. In a depressive phase of bipolar disorder, symptoms can also include increased appetite and higher need for sleep; severe cases may show psychotic symptoms, and mixed episodes can feature rapid alternation or coexistence of depressive and (hypo)manic symptoms.
It's important to note that managing bipolar disorder requires a tailored approach. Finding the right treatment plan is important and may require patience and trial and error. A knowledgeable professional can help find the right treatment plan and regimen for an individual's unique needs. This could include medication, therapy, or a combination of both.
Pursuing therapy is recommended for managing bipolar disorder symptoms. The right therapist can teach ways to manage mood, maintain relationships, and develop meaningful daily routines. Developing a support system is also crucial. This can be achieved by taking a class, joining a club, reaching out to an old friend, or volunteering.
Keeping track of symptoms can help identify potential triggers and future episodes. Mood-tracker apps like MoodLog, eMoods, Daylio Journal, CBT Thought Diary, and Moodtrack Social Diary can be useful for this purpose. Keeping a daily log of relationships, eating habits, energy levels, general mood, sleep patterns, ability to concentrate, anxiety or stress levels is beneficial for managing bipolar disorder symptoms.
Stress is a common symptom trigger in individuals with bipolar disorder. Managing stress can be achieved through knowing one's limits, setting boundaries, practicing relaxation techniques, prioritising fun, and talking it out with someone trusted.
The National Institute of Mental Health, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance, and National Alliance on Mental Illness offer free resources for individuals living with bipolar disorder. It's important to communicate with doctors about any questions or concerns and to take medications as instructed.
A strong routine can help manage bipolar disorder symptoms. Tips include maintaining a consistent sleep and eating schedule, exercising regularly, reaching out to someone daily, and trying to maintain a routine during manic or depressive episodes. Keeping track of symptoms, developing a support system, finding the right treatment plan, and managing stress are all crucial steps in managing bipolar disorder.
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