Long-Term PPI Use Linked to 33% Higher Dementia Risk: German Study
A recent German study has uncovered a potential link between long-term use of certain acid reflux medications, known as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), and an increased risk of dementia. The findings suggest that those who took PPIs for over 4.4 years had a 33% higher chance of developing dementia compared to non-users. PPIs, such as omeprazole (Prilosec), esomeprazole (Nexium), and lansoprazole (Prevacid), are commonly prescribed to manage heartburn and acid reflux. However, the study raises concerns about their long-term effects. Dr. Thanu Jey, a researcher involved in the study, proposes that PPIs might alter nutrient absorption, particularly by reducing vitamin B12 levels, which is crucial for brain health. Additionally, PPIs may contribute to the formation of beta-amyloid proteins, linked to Alzheimer's disease. Experts caution that the study cannot definitively prove that PPIs cause cognitive decline. Dr. Robert Alesiani notes that older adults, who are more likely to use PPIs, are also more prone to dementia. The research team, who previously investigated anticholinergic drugs and dementia risk, followed participants taking PPIs for up to 7 years. While the study suggests a link between long-term PPI use and dementia risk, more research is needed to establish a causal relationship. In the meantime, patients and doctors should consider alternative treatments for acid reflux, such as H2 antagonists, liquid or chewable antacids, and lifestyle modifications. If PPIs are prescribed, regular reviews should assess their continued necessity, especially for long-term use.
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