Kratom Safety: Possible Hazards and Impact
The use of kratom, a plant native to Southeast Asia, has gained attention due to its opioid-like properties and its availability as a dietary supplement. However, the safety of kratom is a topic of concern due to its potential risks and adverse effects.
### Health Risks and Adverse Effects
Kratom has been linked to several serious health issues, including cardiovascular problems such as hypertension and atherosclerosis, as well as liver toxicity, seizures, and the potential for substance use disorder (addiction). Regular use can lead to dependence, with withdrawal symptoms occurring when use stops.
The severity of side effects increases with higher doses. Doses greater than 8 grams are associated with more severe adverse reactions like agitation (around 19%), rapid heart rate (17%), drowsiness, vomiting, confusion, seizures, hallucinations, respiratory depression, and even coma or death in rare cases. At lower or moderate doses, users may experience common side effects such as nausea, constipation, dizziness, dry mouth, insomnia, sweating, anxiety, agitation, and skin changes such as hyperpigmentation.
Product inconsistency and contamination risks are also significant concerns, as kratom products vary widely in potency and composition, often sold without regulation, increasing risks of unpredictable side effects and contamination. Kratom can dangerously interact with other medications or substances, exacerbating its harmful effects, especially in those with pre-existing health conditions.
### Regulatory and Public Health Position
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) warns against kratom use, citing risks of liver toxicity, seizures, and addiction. The FDA advises consumers that kratom products are not necessarily safe despite being plant-based and widely available online or in stores. Research and clinical data remain limited, and the overall risk-benefit profile of kratom is still poorly understood, necessitating more rigorous studies and stronger regulatory oversight.
In summary, while kratom may have some potential medical benefits, its potential for serious adverse effects including addiction, cardiovascular issues, liver damage, seizures, and death make its use as a dietary supplement a significant safety concern. Consumers and healthcare providers should be cautious and informed about these risks. The Drug Enforcement Agency lists kratom as a Drug of Concern due to several potential safety issues.
Poison control data and FDA warnings highlight instances of severe illness and death linked to kratom use, emphasizing the public health risks involved. While people may recover from liver damage after they stop using kratom, the potential for severe and life-threatening complications is a significant concern, particularly for those who take additional drugs.
In light of these concerns, it is essential for individuals considering the use of kratom to carefully weigh the potential benefits against the risks and to consult with a healthcare provider before making a decision.
Mental health professionals should acknowledge the potential impact of kratom on a person's overall well-being, given its association with various health issues such as liver toxicity and the risk of addiction. In the realm of health-and-wellness, it's crucial to consider the science-backed evidence suggesting that kratom may pose significant threats to an individual's mental and physical health.
