Effective Remedies for Constipation: Options Available Over-the-Counter and Prescription
In the battle against constipation, fiber supplements can be a valuable ally. Affecting 16 in 100 adults of all ages and 33 in 100 adults aged 60 and older, constipation is a common issue that many people face.
Three common over-the-counter (OTC) fiber supplements for constipation are psyllium husk, Sunfiber (partially hydrolyzed guar gum), and linseed (flaxseeds). These fibers work by absorbing water in the intestines, forming a gel-like substance that bulks and softens stool, promoting regular bowel movements.
Psyllium Husk
Found in products like Metamucil or generic capsules, psyllium husk is a bulk-forming soluble fiber that helps increase stool volume and softness, aiding constipation relief and regularity. It also supports heart health by lowering cholesterol and helping maintain healthy blood sugar levels. However, it's important to ensure adequate hydration when taking psyllium husk to avoid choking or worsening constipation.
Sunfiber (Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum)
Sunfiber is a soluble, low-FODMAP fiber that regulates both constipation and occasional diarrhea, improving stool consistency. It promotes the growth of beneficial gut bacteria without causing excess gas or bloating. Sunfiber also provides satiety benefits by slowing gastric transit and increasing fullness. It's free from common allergens and suitable for gluten-free, vegan diets.
Linseed (Flaxseeds)
Linseed is a natural laxative fiber that absorbs water, creating a gel that eases stool passage. It's often recommended alongside gradual fiber increase and high hydration for constipation management.
These fiber supplements promote regularity and relieve occasional constipation by softening and bulking stool. They also support digestive health and can have additional metabolic benefits such as lowering cholesterol and helping blood sugar control (especially psyllium). Some fibers, like Sunfiber, additionally improve gut microbiome balance without causing bloating or diarrhea. Natural fibers typically have fewer side effects and support overall gut function.
However, insufficient water intake when taking fiber supplements can cause choking, worsen constipation, or lead to intestinal blockage. Allergic reactions are possible, particularly with psyllium husk for sensitive individuals. Sudden increases in fiber may cause bloating, gas, or discomfort, so it's recommended to introduce fiber gradually. Persistent constipation (lasting more than 7 days), rectal bleeding, or changes in bowel habits warrant medical consultation before continuing fiber supplements. Not all fiber supplements are appropriate for everyone; people with swallowing difficulties or certain medical conditions should consult healthcare providers before use.
In addition to medications, treatments for constipation in children may include educating children on appropriate toilet behavior, disimpaction, and maintenance laxatives. When further intervention is necessary for constipation in children, doctors may recommend an over-the-counter laxative or enema, and may advise discontinuing any medications with side effects that can cause constipation.
For older adults, osmotic laxatives, bulk laxatives, and stimulant laxatives with or without fiber are reasonably safe to use for 3 months. The osmotic agent polyethylene glycol is effective and safe to use for about 6 months. Lubiprostone (Amitiza) and Linaclotide (Linzess) are prescription medications that increase the secretion of fluid in the bowels, facilitating the passage of stools. They are recommended for constipation not associated with a known cause.
Prucalopride (Motegrity) is a prescription medication that increases muscle contractions in the digestive tract, speeding transit time. It is recommended for chronic idiopathic constipation. However, some medications to relieve constipation can cause serious side effects, such as hives, swelling, rashes, and difficulty breathing. People should seek urgent medical attention if they experience breathing difficulties. Regular use of laxatives, except for stool softeners and bulk-forming agents, can lead to dependence or serious motility problems in the bowel, pancreatitis, and IBS.
It's important to only use laxatives in moderation and under the supervision of a doctor. If an individual experiences constipation more frequently than once per week, they should talk with a doctor before trying an over-the-counter laxative. Using stimulants for constipation may cause abdominal pain and long-term use may damage intestinal muscles. Mineral oil is a lubricant that coats the stool and colon, allowing it to move through the intestine without losing moisture. However, it may cause liquid pneumonia and aspiration. Osmotic agents containing magnesium can cause metabolic disturbances, especially in people with kidney disease.
In conclusion, psyllium husk, Sunfiber, and linseed are common OTC fiber supplements to relieve constipation, offering benefits of improved stool softness, regularity, and gut health. Adequate hydration and gradual introduction are key to minimizing risks. Users should consult healthcare professionals if symptoms persist or complications occur.
- Psyllium husk, such as that found in Metamucil or generic capsules, is a fiber supplement that aids in constipation relief, promotes heart health, and helps maintain healthy blood sugar levels.
- Sunfiber, a soluble, low-FODMAP fiber, regulates both constipation and occasional diarrhea, improves stool consistency, and promotes gut health without causing gas or bloating.
- Linseed, or flaxseeds, is a natural laxative fiber that eases stool passage and supports digestive health.
- Incorporating fiber supplements like psyllium, Sunfiber, and linseed into one's health-and-wellness routine can lead to numerous digestive and metabolic benefits, including lower cholesterol and blood sugar control.
- It's crucial to maintain adequate hydration when taking fiber supplements to prevent choking, worsening constipation, or intestinal blockage.
- People should consult healthcare providers prior to using fiber supplements, particularly if they have swallowing difficulties or certain medical conditions, and in cases of persistent constipation, rectal bleeding, or changes in bowel habits.
