Beta-blockers and Depression: Essential Information
Beta-blockers, a type of medication commonly used to treat cardiovascular issues, have been the subject of debate regarding their potential link to depression. A review of the current evidence suggests that the connection is not yet definitive and remains an area of ongoing investigation.
A 2020 study found that atenolol, a type of beta-blocker, was well-tolerated and effective in relieving anxiety symptoms in people with mental health conditions. However, some older and observational studies have suggested that beta-blockers may be associated with an increased risk of depression or mood changes. For instance, a 2018 study noted that beta-blockers were commonly listed among medications linked to depression as a side effect.
However, more recent evidence challenges this association. A 2020 study found that beta-blockers (along with calcium channel blockers and angiotensin II receptor blockers) were actually associated with a reduced risk of depression in people with high blood pressure. This suggests that beta-blockers may not increase depression risk and might even be protective within certain populations.
Clinical practice observations note the importance of monitoring for psychological side effects in patients taking beta-blockers, especially those with cardiovascular disease. However, the causality and magnitude of depression risk remain unclear.
In summary, while some studies report associations between beta-blockers and depression, more recent and larger studies indicate no increased depression risk and potentially even protective effects. The evidence base is not yet fully definitive, and individual patient factors likely play an important role. Clinical monitoring of mood symptoms in patients prescribed beta-blockers continues to be advisable.
If you suspect you are experiencing symptoms of depression, it is crucial to seek professional support from a doctor or mental health specialist. In case of immediate risk of self-harm, suicide, or hurting another person, call 911 or the local emergency number, or text TALK to 741741 to communicate with a trained crisis counselor. The 988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline is available 24 hours a day.
Beta-blockers, besides treating cardiovascular issues, are also used to treat migraines, anxiety, overactive thyroid, and glaucoma. However, they may cause side effects such as low blood pressure, fatigue, dizziness, nausea, and constipation. They may also cause sleep disturbances, such as insomnia and unusual dreams.
Depression is one of the most common mental health disorders in the United States. It is important to remember that the outlook for depression is mostly positive with treatment and medication. For more information and resources on mental well-being, visit a dedicated mental health hub.
[1] Reference for the 2020 study on the reduced risk of depression with beta-blockers. [2] Reference for the 2018 study on the association between beta-blockers and depression. [3] Reference for the 2017 meta-analysis on depression and anxiety. [4] Reference for the clinical practice observations on monitoring for psychological side effects in patients taking beta-blockers.
- The 2020 study discovered that atenolol, a beta-blocker, may have protective effects against depression in certain populations, contrary to some older studies suggesting an increased risk of depression as a side effect.
- While science continues to investigate the relationship between beta-blockers and depression, it is crucial for healthcare providers to monitor for psychological side effects, especially in patients with cardiovascular disease.
