Benign Breast Lesions: Understanding Intraductal Papillomas
Women between the ages of 35 and 55 are most likely to develop intraductal papillomas, benign breast lesions that typically present as small lumps near the nipple. These lesions are usually harmless, but understanding their causes, symptoms, and potential risks is crucial for breast health.
Intraductal papillomas are small tumours composed of gland and fibrous tissue, blood vessels, and are often felt as lumps near the nipple. They can cause symptoms such as breast enlargement, lumps, nipple discharge, pain, or discomfort. The exact cause is unknown, but hormonal imbalances, chronic inflammation, irritation of breast ducts, and genetic predispositions may play a role. Unlike solitary papillomas, multiple papillomas or papillomatosis, which are clusters of tumours in smaller ducts, are associated with a slightly higher risk of breast cancer due to links with atypical hyperplasia.
Diagnosis involves various methods, including breast ultrasound, mammogram, breast biopsy, microscopic examination of breast discharge, and/or ductogram. Standard treatment is surgical removal of the papilloma and affected part of the milk duct. If cancerous cells are found, further treatment may be necessary.
While intraductal papillomas are usually benign and not associated with a higher risk of breast cancer, women under 35 with multiple papillomas should discuss their breast cancer risk with their doctor. Regular check-ups and open communication with healthcare providers are essential for managing breast health and detecting any potential issues early.
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