Acute Tubular Necrosis: A Rising Kidney Injury Crisis
Acute tubular necrosis (ATN), a severe kidney injury, is on the rise. This condition occurs when the tiny tubes in the kidneys, responsible for filtering waste, are damaged or destroyed. Symptoms include drowsiness, lethargy, excessive thirst, reduced urine output, and confusion, among others. The outlook and treatment depend on the individual's health and the stage at which care begins.
ATN can be caused by lack of oxygen reaching kidney cells, harmful substances in the blood, or reactions to certain chemicals or medications. Risk factors include recent injuries, blood transfusion reactions, septic shock, and major surgical procedures. Diagnostic tests include urinalysis, blood tests, and imaging scans like CT scans.
Treatment involves medication to reduce fluid and waste buildup, dietary restrictions, water intake regulation, and dialysis. For acute renal tuberculosis, a combination of anti-tuberculous chemotherapy drugs is administered over several months, with surgery sometimes necessary. Preventive measures include treating underlying conditions and monitoring blood levels when taking potentially toxic medications.
Acute tubular necrosis is a serious condition that requires prompt attention. Early diagnosis and treatment can significantly improve outcomes. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and preventive measures can help manage this kidney injury effectively.
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